Transphobia
(also: bigotry, cissexism, transmisia)
Table of Contents
Introduction
While not something particularly pleasant to discuss, transphobia is extremely common in this day and age. Being able to acknowledge it, identify it, and confront it is highly important for the survival and continued existence of the transgender community.
One of the many purposes of this website is to provide accurate information on the transgender community. Transphobia is inherently based on misinformation and misunderstandings of the transgender community. While most of this website ignores its existence, this page (as well as the pages regarding gender critical, transandrophobia, transmedicalism, and transmisogyny) are focused on the the negative ways we are all too often treated for simply existing.
General Information
Transphobia is the fear of, hatred of, negative feelings towards, or aversion of those who are transsexual, transgender, or otherwise gender-non-conforming. Transphobia manifests in various ways, including (but not limited to) legal discrimination, violence, anger, bullying, corrective rape, murder, infantilization, sexualization, fearmongering, and forced detransition.
Transgender people are at higher risks of being victims of violence in public spaces, of being discriminated in housing or in the work force, and of being treated as outcasts.
Certain governments in the world are against the existance of transgender people, focusing efforts on attacking our rights instead of doing something productive. Unfortunately, there are many people who would rather see the death, detransition, and discrimination of the transgender community. There are people who are painfully close-minded who feel like the existance of someone slightly different from them is grounds for murder and medical discrimination.
Transphobes will often weaponize the existence of detransitioners as an excuse to abuse the transgender community as a whole.
Public Restrooms
Public restrooms are facilities in human beings go to relieve themselves while in public spaces. Restrooms are places for urination, defication, changing tampons or pads, washing/drying your hands, freshing up your appearance in the mirror, and sometimes changing clothing (depending on the type of facility or location). Any human being existing in a public space needs to use one at some point. Even people living with full-time ostomy bags still have to empty those bags in the toilet.
Just like anyone else, transgender people also use public restrooms. Unfortunately, there have been various movements to try and restrict transgender people from being able to use the restrooms that align with their gender identities. These movements have sometimes even resulted in laws being passed, though the ability to enforce these laws is next to impossible.
Transgender people face increased rates of harassment and violence (often sexual in nature) in locations where laws have been passed to force them into the restrooms and locker rooms that correspond with their assigned genders at birth. Transgender youth are especially vunerable to being abused when forced to use restrooms that do not align with their gender identities. These laws go hand in hand with baseless moral panics regarding the typical behavior of transgender people, encouraging increased attacks against trans people who are simply trying to urinate in public facilities as they go about their lives.
Many transgender people will avoid eating and drinking in public to avoid using the restrooms due to this increased risk of harassment and abuse. Transgender people are at an increased risk of UTIs due to avoiding public restrooms due to fear of violence. The increase in laws and moral panics surrounding using public restrooms has resulted in increased fear and anxiety experienced by transgender youth simply trying to exist. These ridiculous laws are meant to try and eradicate transgender people from public life.
Transphobes who support these bills often make completely baseless claims regarding these bills "protecting" children. Clearly, these laws are not protecting children if they are resulting in transgender youth being at an increased risk of violence and harassment. These laws do not protect anyone, and instead make anyone who does not conform perfectly to the gender binary at risk for being the recipient of violence.
It is exceedingly rare for children to be subject to sexual violence in public spaces such as restrooms, however these laws encourage enacting this violence on children who happen to be transgender.
Click to jump to corresponding external resources at the bottom of this page regarding public restrooms.
Click to jump to the [public restrooms] section of the [transandrophobia] page.
Click to jump to the [public restrooms] section of the [transmisogyny] page.
External Links
United States-Based Resources
Transphobia and Anti-Semetism
Terminology Resources
Trans/Gay Panic Defense Resources
- Advocate: 02/19/2025: Ryan Adamczeski: Transgender people face more harassment in bathrooms that match their sex assigned at birth: study - article regarding the safety of trans people in restrooms
- Britannica - Bathroom (https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/bathroom) - definition of word bathroom
- Britannica - Restroom (https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/restroom) - definition of word restroom
- Cambridge Dictionary - Bathroom (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/bathroom) - definition of word bathroom
- Cambridge Dictionary - Restroom (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/restroom) - definition of word restroom
- Cleveland Clinic: 05/05/2025: Ostomy (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/22496-ostomy) - article regarding ostomy (surgery) as well as ostomy bags and maintenance
- Dictionary - Bathroom (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/bathroom) - definition of word bathroom
- Dictionary - Restroom (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/restroom) - definition of word restroom
- Escholarship: 2018: Gender Identity Nondiscrimination Laws in Public Accommodations (https://escholarship.org/content/qt4rs4n6h0/qt4rs4n6h0_noSplash_8740e92d7f24b6c89dbd4bd4d27fbbcb.pdf) - a Review of Evidence Regarding Safety and Privacy in Public Restrooms, Locker Rooms, and Changing Rooms Amira Hasenbush1 & Andrew R. Flores1,2 & Jody L. Herman
- First Witness: Amber Bloss: Don’t Take Candy from a Stranger: The Myths of Child Abuse (https://firstwitness.org/news/dont-take-candy-from-a-stranger-the-myths-of-child-abuse/) - article regarding various myths on child abuse
- Journal of Adolescent Mental Health: Impact of Bathroom Discrimination on Mental Health Among Transgender and Nonbinary Youth - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Bathroom Discrimination on Mental Health Among Transgender and Nonbinary Youth AU - Price-Feeney, Myeshia AU - Green, Amy E. AU - Dorison, Samuel H. Y1 - 2021/06/01 PY - 2021 N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.11.001 DO - 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.11.001 T2 - Journal of Adolescent Health JF - Journal of Adolescent Health SP - 1142 EP - 1147 VL - 68 IS - 6 PB - Elsevier SN - 1054-139X M3 - doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.11.001 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.11.001 Y2 - 2025/06/01
- LGBTQ Nation: Arin Waller: 02/20/2025: Trans people are less safe when forced to use the wrong restroom, study finds (https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2025/02/trans-people-are-less-safe-when-forced-to-use-the-wrong-restroom-study-finds/) - article regarding interpretation of statistic of the safety of transgender people in public restrooms
- Merriam Webster - Bathroom (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bathroom) - definition of word bathroom
- Merriam Webster - Restroom (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/restroom) - definition of word restroom
- NBC News: Julie Moreau: 09/19/2018: No link between trans-inclusive policies and bathroom safety, study finds (https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/no-link-between-trans-inclusive-policies-bathroom-safety-study-finds-n911106) - article regarding bathroom bills
- Oxford Learner's Dictionaries - Bathroom (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bathroom) - definition of word bathroom
- Oxford Lerner's Dictionaries - Restroom (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/restroom) - definition of word restroom
- PubMed: School Restroom/Locker Rooms Restrictions and Sexual Assault Risk Among Transgender Youth - Murchison, Gabriel R et al. “School Restroom and Locker Room Restrictions and Sexual Assault Risk Among Transgender Youth.” Pediatrics vol. 143,6 (2019): e20182902. doi:10.1542/peds.2018-2902
- PubMed: Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youths' Public Facilities Use and Psychological Well-Being: A Mixed-Method Study - Weinhardt, Lance S et al. “Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youths' Public Facilities Use and Psychological Well-Being: A Mixed-Method Study.” Transgender health vol. 2,1 140-150. 1 Oct. 2017, doi:10.1089/trgh.2017.0020
- PubMed: Transgender and nonbinary young people's bathroom avoidance and mental health - DeChants, Jonah P et al. “Transgender and nonbinary young people's bathroom avoidance and mental health.” International journal of transgender health vol. 26,2 351-359. 8 Apr. 2024, doi:10.1080/26895269.2024.2335512
- Psychology Today: 06/20/2024: The Science of Trans-Inclusive Bathroom Bills: Research shows trans-inclusive bathroom bills are linked to public safety. - article regarding transphobic bills vs actual evidence
- Rainn: Victims of Sexual Violence: Statistics (https://rainn.org/statistics/victims-sexual-violence) - statistics regarding sexual violence
- Rainn: Children and Teens: Statistics (ttps://rainn.org/statistics/children-and-teens) - statistics regarding sexual assault toward children & teens
- Shun Shelter: Tristen Bennett: 10/13/2023: The Prevalence Of Bathroom Sexual Assaults: A Closer Look At Women's Safety - article regarding safety in women's restrooms, and how to improve it
- Springer: 07/23/2018: Gender Identity Nondiscrimination Laws in Public Accommodations: a Review of Evidence Regarding Safety and Privacy in Public Restrooms, Locker Rooms, and Changing Rooms - Hasenbush, A., Flores, A.R. & Herman, J.L. Gender Identity Nondiscrimination Laws in Public Accommodations: a Review of Evidence Regarding Safety and Privacy in Public Restrooms, Locker Rooms, and Changing Rooms. Sex Res Soc Policy 16, 70–83 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-018-0335-z
- Stop It Now: 5/19/2016: North Carolina’s “Bathroom” Bill Is Not Sexual Abuse Prevention (https://www.stopitnow.org/sites/default/files/documents/files/hb_2.pdf) - press release regarding hb2
- Stop It Now: 11/26/2019: Are children at risk of sexual abuse in public bathrooms? (https://stopitnow.org/advice-column-entry/are-children-at-risk-of-sexual-abuse-in-public-bathrooms) - blog post regarding child safety in public restrooms
- Taylor and Francis Online: Transgender and nonbinary young people’s bathroom avoidance and mental health - DeChants, J. P., Price, M. N., Nath, R., Hobaica, S., & Green, A. E. (2024). Transgender and nonbinary young people’s bathroom avoidance and mental health. International Journal of Transgender Health, 26(2), 351–359. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2024.2335512
- The Journalist's Resource: 05/12/2016: Denise-Marie Ordway: Single-sex restrooms and transgender individuals: A roundup of research (https://journalistsresource.org/economics/restroom-bathroom-transgender-legislation-research/) - article regarding various studies that have to do with transgender people in bathrooms
- UCLA: Williams Institute: Jody L. Herman, Andrew R. Flores, & Elana Redfield: February 2025: Safety and Privacy in Public Restrooms and Other Gendered Facilities (https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/safety-in-restrooms-and-facilites/) - statistics regarding the saftey of transgender people in public restrooms
- U.S. Department of Justice: Bureau of Justice Statistics: July 2000: Sexual Assault of Young Children as Reported to Law Enforcement: Victim, Incident, and Offender Characteristics (https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/saycrle.pdf) - statistics regarding sexual assault toward children
- Vice: Tess Owen: 12/08/2016: Trans Americans are so afraid to use public restrooms that 8% have had kidney problems (https://www.vice.com/en/article/trans-americans-are-so-afraid-to-use-public-restrooms-that-8-have-had-kidney-problems/) -
Additional Resources
- Cook-Daniels, L. & Munson, M. 2016. First Do No Harm: 8 Tips for Addressing Violence Against Transgender and Gender Non-Binary People. FORGE. (pdf)
- Cook-Daniels, L. & Munson, M. 2016. First Do No Harm: 8 Tips for Addressing Violence Against Transgender and Gender Non-Binary People. FORGE. (site)
- Grant, J. M., et al. 2011. Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey. National Center for Transgender Equality, National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (pdf)
- Healthline: Crystal Raypole: 09/22/2021: How to Recognize Transphobia — and What to Do Next
- HRC: Myths and Facts: Violet Lhant: Spring 2021: Battling Disinformation About Transgender Rights
- LGBT Colors - Comprendre la transphobie : définition et impacts
- MedicalNewsToday: Zawn Villines: 03/17/2021: What to know about internalized transphobia
- Olsen, L. M., Settembrino, S., Allen, S., Howard, M. 2023. "Urban and Rural Media Reporting on Violence Against Transgender People". Pp. 107-123 in Gender-based Violence and Rurality in the 21st Century: Interdisciplinary Approaches. Bristol: Bristol University Press.
- Planned Parenthood - What's transphobia, also called transmisia?
- Them: James Factora: 07/12/2023: Two Cisgender People Were Killed in Separate Attacks Motivated by Transphobia
- The Rainbow Club - Transphobie einfach erklärt (und wie man sie bekämpfen kann)
- Trans Doe Task Force - locating & identifying murdered or missing transgender people
- TransEquality: 2022 U.S. Transgender Survey Early Insights (https://transequality.org/sites/default/files/2024-02/2022%20USTS%20Early%20Insights%20Report_FINAL.pdf)
- UNESCWA - Corrective Rape
- VAWnet: Violence Against Trans and Non-Binary People
- VeryWellHealth: Elizabeth Boskey, PhD: 07/06/2023: What Is Transphobia?
- Vivre Trans - Qu’est-ce que la transphobie?
- Wayback Machine: The Report of The 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey: Executive Summary: December 2016: USTS Executive Summary
- WebMD: Dayva Segal: 06/27/2022: What Is Transphobia?
Wikipedia - Transgender Genocide
- Wikipedia - Transphobia